Truerta 3.5.2 download11/15/2022 ![]() ![]() Salt substitutes with reduced sodium levels and increased potassium levels have been shown to lower blood pressure, but their effects on cardiovascular and safety outcomes are uncertain. These findings suggest a sex-specific impact of repeated adversity on neurostructural development and implicate PNNs as a contributor to associated behavioral dysfunction. We also observed a sex-specific, potentiated reduction in PV + PNN structural integrity. Moreover, females – but not males – exposed to multiple hits of adversity demonstrated a reduction in PFC PV cells in adulthood. We observed a female-specific effect of adversity on hyperactivity and risk-assessment behavior. PNNs are extracellular matrix structures formed during critical periods in postnatal development that play a key role in the plasticity of PV cells. In adulthood, anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the elevated zero maze and the presence and structural integrity of PFC perineuronal nets (PNNs) enwrapping parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons was quantified. We modeled early life adversity in rats via maternal separation (postnatal day (P)2-20) and juvenile social isolation (P21-35). Evidence from animal models points to effects of adversity on later-life neural and behavioral dysfunction however, few studies have investigated the neurobiological underpinnings of sex-specific, long-term consequences of multiple developmental stressors. Importantly, repeated adverse experiences throughout childhood increase the risk for PFC-mediated behavioral deficits more commonly in women. Adversity early in life substantially impacts prefrontal cortex (PFC) development and vulnerability to later-life psychopathology. ![]()
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